16 results
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... in the distal tubule ... nephron → - ↑ K+ ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... #nephrology #diagnosis
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
up an ischemic CVA ... suspicion) • +/- bubble ... #CVA #stroke #workup ... #diagnosis #checklist ... #neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #potassium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
- Na-K-2Cl cotransporter ... , K channel, Cl ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Inappropriate renal K+ ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... autoantibodies that will cause ... ischemia and/or ... prevention (statin for CVA ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... burns, trauma - Ischemic ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... : Differential Diagnosis ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook

Acute Idiopathic Unilateral Facial Nerve (CN7) Palsy
Presentation:
, facial nerve ischemia ... and Workup: • ... No additional workup ... CNS inflammatory cause ... Management #Treatment #Neurology