10 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... fever, Infective endocarditis ... fever, Infective endocarditis ... #differential #diagnosis ... #cardiology #causes
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Diagnosis and Pathophysiology ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis ... #causes #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... than 5 to 7 days after ... #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Regurgitation ( ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... #Mitral #Regurgitation ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... #Diagnosis #cardiology ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... occur 10—20 years after ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential # ... cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Coronary Artery ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... #Embolism #diagnosis ... #differential #
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... mitral regurgitation ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #cardiology
Double Shunt on Echocardiogram
What do you see on this saline contrast study, in a patient with
Early transit of bubbles ... stretched PFO or ASD ... , and later (after ... Echocardiogram #clinical #pocus ... #a4c #intrapulmonary
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Palpitations - Differential ... heart failure • Mitral ... stenosis) • Severe mitral ... regurgitation ... #Differential #