50 results
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Differential Diagnosis ... unidirectonal nystagmus ... symptoms/signs, ... bidirectional nystagmus ... • Multiple sclerosis
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Convergence retraction nystagmus ... tumors • Multiple sclerosis ... Dorsal midbrain and ... Parinauds #syndrome #neurology ... #diagnosis
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Incontinence • VISUAL: Nystagmus ... Signs and symptoms ... patients with clinically ... stimulation Clinical ... #neurology #treatment
Seesaw Nystagmus 

Sawtooth or seesaw nystagmus is an unusual but characteristic type of nystagmus. Typically there
Seesaw Nystagmus ... We have varied causes ... stroke, multiple sclerosis ... #physicalexam #clinical ... #video #ophthalmology
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
An APD was noted ... multiple sclerosis ... the hospital, diagnosed ... #video #ophthalmology ... #neurology
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
multiple sclerosis ... with vascular causes ... Central #Vertigo #diagnosis ... #findings #signs ... symptoms #comparison #neurology
Seesaw nystagmus 
-> eye move in an opposed vertical fashion (one goes up while the other
Seesaw nystagmus ... commonly parasellar masses ... chiasm, multiple sclerosis ... #ophthalmology ... #clinical #video
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
combination of the clinical ... cellular function Clinical ... - Causes progressive ... Exam: clinical evidence ... #neurology #diagnosis
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
clinical findings ... Stage 2: Moderate/sclerotic ... /or sclerotic thickening ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... #nephrology #causes