13 results
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... and LMN signs in ... and LMN signs to ... and LMN signs on ... #Sclerosis #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
syndromes such as ... Examination: • UMN ... Signs and symptoms ... objective evidence of neurologic ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Causes of Dysarthria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Lower Motor Neuron - Slow, Low Volume, Breathy Speech, Tongue
Causes of Dysarthria ... Breathy Speech, Tongue ... • Amyotrophic Lateral ... Disorder Extra-Pyramidal ... #Dysarthria #Neurology
Left Tongue Deviation caused by UMN XII palsy

Looks can be deceiving. The UMN innervation of most
Left Tongue Deviation ... caused by UMN XII ... cranial nerves is bilateral ... from the left and ... #physicalexam #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
signs below the ... decreased muscle tone ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... : Areflexia UMN ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
extensors of the arms (pyramidal ... Hyperreflexia develops later ... signs and/or symptoms ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... diagnosis #management #neurology
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
An APD was noted ... multiple sclerosis ... diagnosed with MS ... Three weeks later ... ophthalmology #neurology
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
multiple sclerosis ... with vascular causes ... direction-changing on lateral ... diagnosis #findings #signs ... symptoms #comparison #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... myelitis • Multiple sclerosis ... decreased rectal tone ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
, chikungunya, dengue ... Photophobia • Nausea ... unilateral or bilateral ... Acute meningeal signs ... differential #diagnosis #neurology