20 results
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... : • Urinary tract ... solubility: • Low urine ... Medullary sponge kidney ... #Nephrology #Differential
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... / urinary sediment ... osmolarity If cause ... #causes
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric Kidney ... using urine strainer ... Targeted Rx: • PRIMARY ... #Pediatrics #nephrology ... #nephrolithiasis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... Hematuria: • Stone ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential ... >50% - Proper kidney ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Causes of Urinary ... Incontinence - Differential ... Delirium/confusional states ... Psychological/psychiatric ... • Excessive urine
Nephrolithiasis: Medications Associated with Renal Stones
 • Hypercalciuria: Furosemide, Topiramate, Vitamin D/Calcium, Glucocorticoids
 • Precipitation of
Nephrolithiasis: ... /metabolite in urine ... Probenecid • Change of urinary ... #pharmacology #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Approach to Acute Kidney ... circulating volume, Urinary ... are caused by prerenal ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... broad - Advanced kidney ... White blood cell - Urinary ... #Casts #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... the indicated causes ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Urinary ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #