10 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... urine • 1ml blood ... : - RBC casts ... • Infection (Viral ... #Differential #
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential ... Algorithm Red blood ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... glomerulonephritis • Post-Infectious
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
athletes • Chronic Blood ... menses, NSAIDs, Haematuria ... Reduced absorption: AI ... Pylori • Hookworm infection ... Iron #Deficiency #differential
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Urinary casts ... Kidney Injury (AKI ... Tubular Necrosis (ATN ... leucocyte-esterase #urine #UNa #casts ... #glucosuria #hematuria
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Statins - ETOH - Infection ... UA positive for blood ... Cast formation: ... hyperkalemia or ATN
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Statins), ETOH Infection ... Dermatomyositis) AKI ... Cast formation: ... hyperkalemia or ATN ... Management #Summary #causes
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
EGPA) • Renal: (AKI ... , proteinuria, hematuria ... confirm DAH, r/o infection ... reveals increasing blood ... , RBC casts, low
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Microbiology: Blood ... positive in 90% of IE cases ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... • Blood cultures ... Leukocytosis, anemia, and hematuria
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
bland urine, no hematuria ... Bland urine (no casts ... , protein, or blood ... ATN, volume depletion ... essential in all cases
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
- Overview and Differential ... Microbiology: Blood ... positive in 90% of IE cases ... Septic emboli cause ... Leukocytosis, anemia, and hematuria