21 results
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
Etiologies by Mechanism ... Renal Failure ... IV Mg infusion (e.g ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Magnesium #Table #Causes
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Dysplasias • (e.g ... • Congenital Adrenal ... (e.g. ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes #pediatrics
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... - Malignancy (e.g ... CNS pathology (e.g ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Genetic disorders (e.g ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Tuberculosis: can cause ... Androgens: • Symptoms ... sodium, potassium, AM ... Administer 250 mcg ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Pharmacology Summary Mechanisms ... agent • Does not cause ... side effects (e.g ... causing lactic acidosis ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Elevation, Lactic Acidosis ... ischemia or the mechanism ... by excretion (e.g ... its metabolism (e.g ... - Compartment syndrome
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
: Most Common Cause ... ketoconazole, etomidate) Symptoms ... hypophysitis, Sheehan's syndrome ... Give 250 mcg of ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... skull neoplasms (e.g ... consistent with MS
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
risk factors (eg ... hypertension (eg ... hypertension (eg ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... White-coat syndrome