9 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... treated with IV potassium ... urinary losses: • High ... consumption • Low ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... - Hyperosmolar states ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... - Hyperosmolar states ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #high #nephrology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... development of metabolic ... and necrosis in states ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... densa receives high
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... Normal acid-base status ... of sodium and potassium ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Medications: K+, ACEi ... Optimize volume status ... acidosis) • Low ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary
Indications (AIEOU):
 • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
usually severe metabolic ... , hypercalcemia, ... altered mental status ... SLEDD (Sustained low ... High clearance achieved
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Assess functional ... ADLs - Highest metabolic ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Orthopedic • Low ... ACEi/ARBs - Hold