25 results
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
Diagnosis of ascites ... protein ≤ 2.5 g/dL: Cirrhosis ... syndrome, Massive liver ... albumin #gradient #hepatology ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Non-Malignant • Fatty Liver ... Inflammatory • Alcoholic ... Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... #Causes #Hepatology
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Ascites - Differential ... Diagnosis Chronic liver ... disease (cirrhosis ... or chronic hepatitis ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Patterns of Liver ... cirrhosis, Portal ... AST:ALT > 2.5 - Alcoholic ... #Patterns #Liver ... #Injury #hepatology
Approach to the Hospitalized Patient with Cirrhosis
1) Recognize and Manage Decompensation
 • Ascites
 • Variceal Bleeding
Hospitalized Patient with Cirrhosis ... Decompensation • Ascites ... Common Scenarios • Alcoholic ... Hepatitis • Hepatorenal ... Portosystemic Shunt • Liver
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... • NAFLD • Alcohol ... hepatitis • Drugs ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Inflammation - Hepatitis ... 15 percent) - Hepatitis ... Sarcoidosis Toxic - Alcohol ... Nonalcoholic fatty liver ... #Differential #Hepatology
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
those with CLD (± cirrhosis ... Failure Infections Alcohol-Associated ... Hepatitis (AAH) ... #Failure #Cirrhosis ... #Hepatology #gastroenterology
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
Liver disease ... - Cirrhosis ... - Alcoholic hepatitis ... - Acute fatty liver ... #differential #hepatology
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
• Infectious: Hepatitis ... HSV • Toxic: Alcohol ... Medication, Pregnancy, Alcoholic ... Causes #Acute #algorithm ... #hepatology