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Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Inflammation - Hepatitis ... 15 percent) - Hepatitis ... Schistosomiasis - Autoimmune ... Nonalcoholic fatty liver ... #Differential #Hepatology
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Non-Malignant • Fatty Liver ... Hemochromatosis • Wilson's Disease ... • Autoimmune ... Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... #Causes #Hepatology
Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
of Severe Acute Liver ... - Drug-Induced liver ... - Autoimmune ... disease - Hemochromatosis ... #Differential #Hepatology
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Other: NAFLD, Autoimmune ... Syndrome, Celiac Disease ... , Infiltrative Disease ... Causes #Acute #algorithm ... #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... • Ischemia • Autoimmune ... • Cholestatic disease ... • Alcoholic hepatitis ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
those with CLD (± cirrhosis ... disease, liver ... (DILI) Viral Hepatitis ... #Failure #Cirrhosis ... #Hepatology #gastroenterology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... - Diagnosis Algorithm ... disease (e.g. dryness ... Liver biopsy findings ... #hepatology
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Diagnosis Chronic liver ... disease (cirrhosis ... or chronic hepatitis ... failure - 3-5% Cirrhosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology
Liver Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign Cystic 
 • Cyst
 • Polycystic Liver Disease
 • Caroli's
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Disease • Caroli's ... Hyperplasia • Adenoma ... #Mass #Hepatology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
common in SLE, autoimmune ... hepatitis Anti-CCP ... Dermatomyositis Anti-LKM (liver ... microsomal) - Autoimmune ... Primary biliary cirrhosis