10 results
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Inflammation - Hepatitis ... 15 percent) - Hepatitis ... Schistosomiasis - Autoimmune ... Nonalcoholic fatty liver ... #Differential #Hepatology
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Non-Malignant • Fatty Liver ... Hemochromatosis • Wilson's Disease ... • Autoimmune ... Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... #Causes #Hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... • Ischemia • Autoimmune ... • Cholestatic disease ... • Alcoholic hepatitis ... • Others #LFTs
Hepatocellular Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework:
Liver Injury → liver test abnormalities without evidence of liver
• Infections: Hepatitis ... Other: NAFLD, Autoimmune ... Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology ... #algorithm #Transaminitis ... #LFTs #hepatitis
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Other: NAFLD, Autoimmune ... Syndrome, Celiac Disease ... , Infiltrative Disease ... Causes #Acute #algorithm ... #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
Symptoms: Fatigue, Pruritus, Right upper quadrant discomfort
Signs: Jaundice, Xanthelasmata, Hepatomegaly
Associated history:
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... - Diagnosis Algorithm ... disease (e.g. dryness ... Liver biopsy findings ... #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Autoimmune: ... Autoimmune hepatitis ... : < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Interpretation of LFTs ... disease: > 2 ... : < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #differential #Hepatology ... transaminitis #LFTs
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm ... disease, Hepatic ... steatosis • Autoimmune ... hepatitis #DILI ... #hepatology
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4)

Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap:
•
• Heavy chain disease ... Sarcoidosis) • Liver ... disease: Cirrhosis ... , ETOH, autoimmune ... hepatitis, PBC,