71 results
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Non-reabsorbed anions ... Tumor Low Renin ... Renin, Low Aldosterone ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... Non-reabsorbable anions ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Central Retinal ... Abnormal blood flow ... narrowing • Slow ... blood flow allows ... Ganglion cells and axons
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... consumption • Low ... Non-reabsorbable anions ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , NGT suction, Low ... tumor • Low PRA ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , NGT suction, Low ... artery stenosis, Renin-secreting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... EABV, Low Plasma ... Plasma HCO3- • Low ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... tumor • Low Al ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Distribution of Magnesium in the Body
66% in Bones
33% in Muscles
1% in Serum
 • 60-70% Free (ionized)
10% Complexed w/ low ... molecular weight anions ... Distribution #Mg #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Nonreabsorbable anions ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm