28 results
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Ketoacidosis, Renal ... loss of bicarb, Renal ... GI loss of H+, Renal ... #workup #Differential ... #Diagnosis #acidosis
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... in the urine - Renal ... Renal Loss of HCO3 ... - Renal insufficiency ... Hypoaldosteronism - Renal
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
- Differential Diagnosis ... : Causes of High ... salicylates) R Renal ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... /Chronic renal failure
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... urinary losses: • High ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis (HAGMA ... salicylate toxicity causes ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #Algorithm #causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Causes of High-anion ... oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... hyperkalemia (with renal
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Differential Algorithm Acidosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
How do you work ... A) Initial Evaluation ... • TTE +/- TEE (high ... Afib suspicion) ... #diagnosis #checklist
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Drug-induced • High ... • Diabetic acidosis ... - Renal ... • Chronic renal ... endocrinology #causes