17 results
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension
 • Primary aldosteronism - PRA, PAC
 • Renal artery stenosis - Renal
Evaluation of Secondary ... - PRA, PAC • Renal ... artery stenosis - Renal ... syndromes - PRA, PAC #Secondary ... #workup #diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... : • Renal parenchymal ... disease - Renal ... of renal disease ... #Workup #table
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urinary sediment, renal ... HIV serology, renal ... eosinophiluria, renal ... protein-electrophoresis, renal ... markers • Cardio-renal
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... Approach (when evaluation ... eg, presence of renal ... : Renal artery stenosis ... Renal parenchymal
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
- Differential Diagnosis ... taken at home, work ... Medications - Renal ... • Renal parenchymal ... and bilateral renal
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Acute Kidney Injury ... thromboembolism, renal ... tumors INTRINSINC RENAL ... nephropathy • Secondary
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... syndrome, Congenital adrenal ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
IgG4-Related Disease
Clinical history:  Man, 60 years, multiorgan involvement, unique or multiple inflammatory pseudotumor
4 phenotypes:
 •
pancreas, biliary, renal ... orientation, Biopsy ... orientation): ... lesions, meninges, kidneys ... management #phenotypes #workup
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
aldosterone - Low in cases ... antibody test Secondary ... Insufficiency #Evaluation ... #laboratory #diagnosis ... endocrinology #workup
Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis
Primary Back Pathology:
 • Musculoligamentous injury (a.k.a. lumbosacral strain)
 • Spondylosis (i.e.
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pathologic fracture secondary ... breast, prostate, renal ... collection • Kidney ... #causes #primarycare