419 results
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
degeneration/MV prolapse ... (Marfan syndrome ... , Ehler-Danlos syndrome ... /redundant and prolapse ... , carcinoid syndrome
Atrial Fibrillation - Diagnosis, Causes, Presentations
Causes (PIRATES):
 - Pulmonary embolism 
 - Ischemia (cardiac) 
 -
Presentations Causes ... - Repiratory disease ... myxoma - Thyroid disease ... #Fibrillation #AFib ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Primary Myocardial Processes (> 90%):
 • Acquired structural heart disease: CAD, Most
Causes of Sudden ... structural heart disease ... Congenital heart disease ... structural heart disease ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
Tachyarrhythmia: • VT/VFib ... • AFib/AFlutter ... • Sick Sinus Syndrome ... • Tachy-Brady Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... and Nephrotic Syndromes ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Glomerular #Diseases
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
BEE Syndromes - ... and less common diseases ... Inflammatory causes ... Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease ... polychondritis • Behcet disease
Causes of Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Motility: Diet, IBS-C, Colonic inertia, Pelvic floor disorders,
Causes of Constipation ... sclerosis, Parkinson's disease ... Stricture, Tumour, Prolapse ... , Diverticular disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Rheumatic Heart Disease ... Leaflet/Annulus • Prolapse ... Fever • Marfan's Disease ... - Leaflet • Prolapse ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
• Bradycardia caused ... (sick sinus syndrome ... • Mitral valve prolapse ... brain flow (VT/Vfib ... /Afib/WPW) • Loss
Causes of Small Bowel Bleeding - Differential Diagnosis
Common Causes:
 • Under age 40 years: Inflammatory Bowel
Causes of Small ... Diagnosis Common Causes ... Inflammatory Bowel Disease ... NSAID ulcers Rare Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes