22 results
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)

Expiratory & Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure
Both increase intrathoracic pressure, which can decrease
and decreases respiratory ... In COPD, decreases ... pulmonary edema) • COPD ... Contraindications: • Risk of Aspiration ... #indications #criticalcare
Pathogens in Pneumonia

Here is a quick review of the pathogens causing pneumonia (useful for enumerating differentials
H. influenzae (COPD ... Gram-negatives (aspiration ... Pseudomonas — COPD ... Anaerobes (EtOH use, aspration ... , smoking) RESPIRATORY
Tracheal Descent Sign

Paradoxical inward movement of the trachea during inspiration. Seen in this COPD patient in
trachea during inspiration ... Seen in this COPD ... patient in severe respiratory ... #physicalexam #respiratory ... breathing #Trachea #COPD
Campbell’s sign or Tracheal Descent in Longstanding COPD

Patients with longstanding COPD may show downward displacement of
in Longstanding COPD ... with longstanding COPD ... trachea during inspiration ... Tracheal #Descent #COPD ... physicalexam #pulmonary #respiratory
Hoover’s Sign on Physical Exam

Paradoxical retraction of the lower intercostal spaces on inspiration in this patient
intercostal spaces on inspiration ... patient in severe COPD ... video #pulmonary #COPD ... #respiratory
Hoover's Sign

Hoover’s sign refers to inward movement of the lower rib cage during inspiration- instead of
rib cage during inspiration ... associated with COPD ... COPD, and more specifically ... Sign #Pulmonary #COPD ... #Paradoxical #Respiratory
Differential Diagnosis of Wheezing
 • Extrathoracic (wheezing Is typically inspiratory): Anaphylaxis, Vocal cord pathology, Laryngeal stenosis,
wheezing Is typically inspiratory ... Anaphylaxis, Vocal cord ... Bronchiolitis, Aspiration ... , Foreign body aspiration
Wheezing - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Not all that wheezes is asthma
Vibrations of turbulent flow against
usually heard in expiration ... associated with inspiratory ... Paradoxical vocal cord ... motion, Vocal cord ... bronchi: - Asthma/COPD
Auto-PEEP 
What is Auto-PEEP?
 • Progressive air trapping & dynamic hyperinflation → ↑Palv at end expiration
→ ↑Palv at end expiration ... before the next inspiration ... Commonly due to expiratory ... breath • An expiratory ... diagnosis #management #criticalcare
An Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Wheezing and Stridor

Stridor: Louder, constant-pitch sound over central airways
Wheezing: Musical
primarily during expiration ... Inspiratory ... Endotracheal intubation Expiratory ... Bronchoconstriction: Asthma, COPD