891 results
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
apatite plaque, Low urine ... duct plaque, Low urine ... - Magnesium, ammonium ... phosphate: alkaline urine ... Infection with ammonia-producing
Urine Anion Gap in NAGMA
NA + K - Cl = surrogate for Urine NH4+
NH4+ is excreted
Urine Anion Gap ... surrogate for Urine ... negative AG implies ↑ ammonium ... RTA (nb ↑K) - Renal ... ThePeanutKidney #Urine
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Distal Renal Tubular ... diagnosis with direct urine ... ammonium assay. ... Failure to acidify urine
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
ammonium concentration ... - RenalUrine ... Renal Loss of HCO3 ... - Renal insufficiency ... Hypoaldosteronism - Renal
Toluene Poisoning - Diagnosis and Management Summary
What is it?  Volatile hydrocarbon, Glue or paint-sniffing, Occupational
effects (inc psych) Renal ... acidosis, ↓K+ Renal ... nephrocalcinosis) • Urine ... ammonium may be
UROLITHIASIS 

80% of stones are composed of calcium oxalate or phosphate. Others include uric acid (9%),
overwhelms the renal ... system; are Mg ammonium ... secondary to elevated urine ... breakdown yields ammonia ... acid levels, low urine
Ammonium Urate Crystals on Urine Microscopy
Very much like a black sea urchin in these particular examples

Dr.
Ammonium Urate Crystals ... on Urine Microscopy ... @JoseTesser #Ammonium ... clinical #nephrology #urine
Urine Osmolar Gap Calculation

Urine Osmolar Gap represents ammonium salts = Measured Urine Osmolality - (2 x
Urine Osmolar Gap ... Calculation Urine ... Gap represents ammonium ... salts = Measured Urine ... + Urea/2.8) Urine
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... promoted by acidic urine ... promoted by alkaline urine ... disease Magnesium ammonium ... independent of urine
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Decreased Serum K, Urine ... Decreased Serum K, Urine ... = Hyperkalemic Renal ... uncimchiefs #RTA #Renal