2235 results
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Metabolic Acidosis - Differential ... II • Carbonic anhydrase ... NonGap #Nephrology #Differential
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
Distal RTA is the true Nephrogenic RTA and can be truly divided into
- Carbonic anhydrase ... RTA #diagnosis #differential
Nephrolithiasis: Medications Associated with Renal Stones
 • Hypercalciuria: Furosemide, Topiramate, Vitamin D/Calcium, Glucocorticoids
 • Precipitation of
other carbonic anhydrase ... #pharmacology #differential
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Diuretics (carbonic anhydrase ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Blocker - Carbonic Anhydrase
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Inherited carbonic anhydrase
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Interaction CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Overview of effects of diuretics and hormones involved in fluid homeostasis.

#diruetic #diuretics 
#aldosterone #ADH #ANP #BNP
#thiazide
amiloride #carbonic #anhydrase
Thiazide
diuretics
Carbonic anhydrase
inhibitors
(e.g., acetazolamide)
Nat-Cl symport
Na and HCO;-
reabsorption
Aldosterone
antagonists
(e.g., spironolactone)
Nat channel
(indirect effect)
Loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide)
Amiloride,
#triamterene
Nat-K+-2CF symport
Na channel
(direct effect)
#NaCI reabsorption
diuretics Carbonic anhydrase