19 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
spinal artery injury ... #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
duodenum Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms: • Classic ... • Should be on differential ... de novo between aorta ... or within the aorta
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Findings Compression/injury ... sensory • Before diagnosis ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... pathophysiology #differential ... #diagnosis #signs
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Diagnosis Baseline ... clinical context and signs ... Vasculits: ANCA, ANA ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Immune mediated injury ... hematuria • Signs ... renal vein between aorta ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Diagnosis Approach ... hypertension and signs ... or acute kidney injury ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... and signs below ... below the site of injury ... #neurology #differential
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
Diagnosis Framework ... - Autonomic symptoms ... Traumatic brain injury ... meningeal irritation signs ... #Neurology
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
the abdominal aorta ... Pathophysiology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Urology ... #Diagnosis