25 results
Hyperaldosteronism - Etiologies of Mineralocorticoid Excess

Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Normal or Low Renin, High Aldosterone) 
 - Aldosterone-secreting
, High Aldosterone ... ) - Aldosterone-secreting ... , High Aldosterone ... Hyperaldosteronism #Differential ... #Aldosterone #Comparison
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Normal or High Renin ... Normal or High Renin ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Renin ... #Aldosterone #Comparison
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... , High Aldosterone ... , High Aldosterone ... , Low Aldosterone ... NonGap #Nephrology #Differential
Benign Adrenal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperplasia - Often Bilateral
 • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
 • ACTH
Benign Adrenal Mass ... - Differential ... /Alkalosis • Aldosterone ... #AdrenalMass #Benign ... #Differential #
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Hyperkalemia • Direct renin ... Aliskiren) • Renin ... • Synthesis of aldosterone ... Trimethoprim) • Aldosterone ... #hyperkalemia #differential
Drugs causing hyperkalemia
 • Impaired release of renin: NSAIDs, Beta blockers, Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes, Elderly
 •
Impaired release of renin ... blockers • Impaired aldosterone ... Pentamidine • Aldosterone ... medications #causes #differential
Pocket Comparison Guide to Heritable Hypertension Syndromes (Secondary Hypertension)

Bartter, Gitelman, Liddle, Primary Aldosteronism, 
GRA (Glucocorticoid Remediable
Pocket Comparison ... 2) By Age, Renin ... , Aldosterone, Cortisol ... Hypertension #Syndromes #Comparison
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Ureterosigmoidoscopy • HTN, Low Aldosterone ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Aldosterone: ... tumor - ↓ Renin ... ↑ Aldosterone: ... ↓ Aldosterone: ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Differentiating Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) From Vestibular Neuritis-Labyrinthitis
BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO
 • Age: More common
Differentiating Benign ... Neuritis-Labyrinthitis BENIGN ... ) • Epley maneuver ... saccade seen) • Epley ... diagnosis #neurology #comparison