28 results
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
• DVT: Bilateral ... is due to the compression ... anteriorly causing compression ... #Bilateral #Lower ... #PhysicalExam #Pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
due to severe compression ... Sciatica: often bilateral ... - Emergency Causes ... Examination - bilateral ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
• Cauda Equina Syndrome ... dysfunction, and bilateral ... dorsum of foot and lateral ... Commonly caused ... fracture or prolonged compression
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
and Secondary Causes ... Hypertension Secondary Causes ... and bilateral renal ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... Secondary #HTN #Cardiology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... • Extrinsic Causes ... by: - Compression ... involved - Bilateral ... (more commonly bilateral
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Tract Lesions: • Bilateral ... of spinal cord compression ... Spinal Cord Causes ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... Cord Compression
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPW) is one of several disorders of the electrical system of the heart that
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome ... pre-excitation syndromes ... WPW is caused by ... #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Decompression Sickness - The physical examination revealed diffuse violaceous skin mottling over his trunk and arms
Decompression Sickness ... extent of the nausea ... Clinical #Derm #EM #Radiology ... Pneumatosis #CT #NEJM
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... not have to be bilateral ... #CaudaEquina #Syndrome ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... symptoms are not caused ... Specific sarcoidosis syndromes ... surface of legs), bilateral ... • Heerfordt syndrome