22 results
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
Leukemia) • GI diseases ... - IBD • Chronic ... liver or kidney disease ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Medical Treatment Algorithm for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Initial medical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Algorithm for Chronic ... Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ... medical treatment of chronic ... obstructive pulmonary disease ... of obstruction, symptom
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Benign paroxysmal ... vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived ... Méniére's disease ... course of the disease ... Disease onset usually
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Pott's Disease in ... Clinical Signs/Symptoms ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... Residency @CMC_IM #Potts ... #Disease #Tuberculosis
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Inflammatory bowel disease ... , Chronic diarrhoea ... , Short bowel syndrome ... Metabolic: Menkes disease ... #riskfactors #symptoms
Acute limb ischemia (ALI)

Rapid decrease in lower limb blood flow due to acute occlusion of peripheral
The symptoms of ... atherosclerotic disease ... thromboembolic disease ... pathophysiology: ... chronic & complex
Short Bowel Syndrome - Acute and Chronic Adverse Signs and Symptoms of Ileal Resection
 • Dehydration
Short Bowel Syndrome ... - Acute and Chronic ... Adverse Signs and Symptoms ... • Peptic Ulcer Disease ... Ileal #Resection #pathophysiology
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Typical symptoms ... dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal ... Less Typical Symptoms ... *Chronic HFrEF may ... coronary artery disease
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
A-Fib) Summary Symptoms ... Valvular heart disease ... possibly better: • Symptom ... patients with chronic ... Pill-in-the-pocket" for paroxysmal