5 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Assessment of volume ... history #Diagnosis #EM ... #Hypovolemic #Euvolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Ddxof
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... Hypovolemic - GI ... • Euvolemic ... #causes #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Volume Based Approach ... to Hyponatremia ... Cerebral salt wasting Euvolemic ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... algorithm #diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... mechanism 2) Volume ... Hypovolemic (H2O loss): GI ... (Low H2O intake ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... Pancreatitis • Euvolemia ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #diagnosis #causes ... nephrology #sodium #low