19 results
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... 3 questions to work ... a physiologic approach ... of symptomatic (seizures ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #Causes #neurology
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... , confusion, seizures ... Assessment of volume status ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... - Differential ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... #Neurology #Differential ... #Causes
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... mechanism 2) Volume Status ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Algorithm UOsm ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... #Differential # ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Suggested diagnostic approach to a patient with exudative ascites. Low ascitic fluid protein should direct practitioners
Suggested diagnostic approach ... Low ascitic fluid ... syndrome as a cause ... ascites #diagnosis #workup ... #algorithm #differential