8 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... , Hypervolemia with ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... Pre-Renal: • Hypovolemia ... Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... #causes #algorithm
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach ... to Acute Kidney Injury ... common culprits: Hypovolemia ... , Low effective ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... renal failure • AKI ... • NSAlDs #Hyperkalemia ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... #Causes
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
- Protective effects ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... shift • Saline Causes ... AKI: - Tubuloglomerular ... • Saline May Cause
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... , rhabdo/crush injury ... emcrit.org/ibcc/hyperkalemia ... management of hyperkalemia ... #Hyperkalemia
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... neuromuscular injury ... axis; T risk of hyperkalemia ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... antiphospholipid syndrome #Hyperkalemia