25 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... Hyperglycemia • Hypocalcemia ... • Hyponatremia ... Degenerative • Dementia ... Provoked #Seizures #Neurology
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
Causes of Hemiplegia ... - Differential ... • Aphasia • Apraxia ... Cognition/Confusion, Dementia ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
- Differential ... : • Vascular: Stroke ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Hypomagnesemia, Hypocalcemia ... #neurology
ACA infarcts are rare because of the collateral circulation provided by the anterior communicating artery. ACA infarct
hemiparesis with loss ... These are uncommon causes ... anteriorcerebralartery #cva ... #stroke #huebner ... #frontallobe #Apraxia
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Differential Diagnosis ... STRUCTURAL: • Stroke ... • Hypocalcemia ... cardiovascular causes ... Seizure #Elderly #Neurology
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
Cognitive impairment + loss ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... functions - Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia ... multiple ischemic stroke ... #Differential #
Altered Mental Status - Differential Diagnosis
 • Neurologic: Stroke, Cerebral hypoxia, Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure, Trauma, TBI,
Mental Status - Differential ... Diagnosis • Neurologic ... : Stroke, Cerebral ... Mental #Status #AMS ... Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Sweat Loss: - ... exercise, Heat stroke ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential ... spasm - legs, arms ... Dehydration - Loss ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... - Hyperkalemia