10 results
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
neurocognitive disorders ... hydrocephalus, HIV ... functions - Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia ... hallucinations - Movement disorders ... #Differential #
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
Disorder (HAND) ... Neurocognitive disorders ... dementia Pathophysiology ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
hypomagnesemia), Eating disorders ... , Osmotic diuresis ... and lymphomas, IV ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... Symport (Loop Diuretics ... Association class IV ... specific bleeding disorders ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Saline or osmotic diuresis ... Drugs: - Loop diuretics ... tacrolimus) Endocrine disorders ... Causes #diagnosis #differential ... medications #drugs #pharmacology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue - Differential ... Hepatitis • HIV ... Pulmonary Disease Neurologic ... Myasthenia Gravis Pharmacologic ... • Somatization Disorder
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Saline or osmotic diuresis ... • Drugs: Loop diuretics ... ) • Endocrine disorders ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Furosemide (Lasix) Pharmacology
 • IV Furosemide in Acute Heart Failure
 • Causes of Diuretic Resistance
 •
Furosemide (Lasix) Pharmacology ... • IV Furosemide ... • Causes of Diuretic ... • Approach to Diuretic ... #nephrology #pathophysiology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Differentials? ... glycol (present in IV ... Volume depletion (diuresis ... #AcidBase #disorders
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Focal inflammatory disorder ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... simplex virus, HIV ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential