25 results
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
Disorder (HAND) ... • Depressive symptoms ... Diagnosis: MRI ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
IV (Trochlear) ... Syndrome • Cavernous ... ophthalmology #neurology ... #differential #diagnosis ... #ocular
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
neurocognitive disorders ... hydrocephalus, HIV ... functions - Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia ... syndrome - Hippocampal ... hallucinations - Movement disorders
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... nervous system (CNS ... optica spectrum disorder ... #neurology #inflammatory
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Suspect in movement disorders ... focal neurologic ... #AIDS #opportunistic
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... pain • Extra-CNS ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... nervous system (CNS ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... #neurology #noninflammatory
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
ulceration • Ocular ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... symptoms (headache ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Non-neuromuscular disorder ... pulmonary etc) • CNS ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... #Algorithm #neurology