11 results
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Autonomic symptoms ... • Disorder of ... glaucoma - Ocular ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... brain lesion • CNS ... #Algorithm #neurology
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
IV (Trochlear) ... One-and-a-half Syndrome ... ophthalmology #neurology ... #differential #diagnosis ... #ocular
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
• Depressive symptoms ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... : Fever, headache ... Suspect in movement disorders ... , headache, altered
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... pain • Extra-CNS ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
ulceration • Ocular ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... symptoms (headache ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... • Papilledema, headache ... or abruptly • CN ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... 50 years • New headache ... • Progressive symptoms ... of headache, cognitive ... impairment, neurologic
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... of a "flu-like syndrome ... cough, myalgias, headache ... Constitutional symptoms