36 results
Acute Rheumatic Fever: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Delayed autoimmune reaction
-> Molecular mimicry
-> GAS antigen cross-reacts with host
->
Acute Rheumatic ... Fever: Pathogenesis ... inflammation • Fever ... • Arthralgia ... pathophysiology #diagnosis #signs
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Differential Diagnosis ... pneumonia • Acute ... Non-Infectious Causes ... Brucellosis Faget's Sign ... #Patterns #Differential
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
• Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... (e.g., fever, myalgia ... arteritis • Acute ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
- Vertigo - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... symptoms/signs, ... Glomus Tumors - Vascular ... #Differential #
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Infiltrative Disorders ... Tuberculosis: can cause ... autoimmune endocrine disorder ... • Low-grade fever ... Back pain • Arthralgia
Causes of Bradykinetic Movement Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Parkinson's Disease (TRAP):
• Resting Tremor
• Cogwheel Rigidity
• Akinesia/Bradykinesia
•
Causes of Bradykinetic ... Movement Disorders ... - Differential ... • Cerebellar signs ... MovementDisorders #Neurology
Diseases of the Biliary Tract
Asymptomatic gallstones - Asymptomatic
Symptomatic gallstones - Biliary pain
Cholesterolosis of gallbladder - Usually
gallbladder cancer Acute ... , vomiting, fever ... , Murphy sign Chronic ... pain, jaundice, fever ... biliary #diseases #differential
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... , vascular disorders ... - APLS • Acute ... mountain spotted fever ... Vasculopathy #Purpura #Differential
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Causes: • Vascular ... Neurologic disorders ... #Differential #