11 results
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... When to suspect AIN ... sensitive) • AKI ... triad (<10%): fever ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #causes
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Tuberculosis: can cause ... • Low-grade fever ... • Arthralgia ... AI present - ... AI present -
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Causes of Petechial ... primary or secondary ... vascular integrity ... Red Flags: • Fever ... deficiency Work
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Causes: • Vascular ... Hypothyroidism, Primary
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis: • Fevers ... purpura: Strong sign ... and branches • Fever ... pulse deficits vascular ... tract, and often causes
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
C" (common for causes ... • Vascular (e.g ... Common Secondary Causes ... N Neurological signs ... confusion, focal signs
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
• Headache • Fever ... can present with primarily ... Acute meningeal signs ... (fever, nuchal ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
13 Dangerous Causes ... CNS infection: fever ... at home or at work ... thrombophilia, neurologic ... signs/symptoms
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... Coronary arteries - Fever ... Vasculitis: • Fevers ... Night sweats • Arthralgias ... purpura: strong sign