8 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... hypomagnesemia), Eating disorders ... Bartter's syndrome (mimics ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... secretion • Acid-base ... components of acid-base ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... specific bleeding disorders ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... Volume depletion (diuresis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Differential Diagnosis ... METABOLIC - Electrolyte ... Brain abscess • Sepsis ... Seizure Mimics: ... • Sleep Disorders
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
which all carry treatment ... Each mimic the “ ... hormones that work ... The metabolism of ... #diagnosis #differential
Neurosarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Treatment
 • 5 to 40% of sarcoidosis, Heterogeneous, often inaugural
 • Central
System (85%): Aseptic ... VII), Cognitive disorders ... Cranial nerves (ll ... , Exclusion of Differential ... #management #neurology