11 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... , Hypomagnesemia ... #differential #
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... - Differential ... Pancreatitis, surgery, acute ... Drug induced: Calcium ... contrast agents • Hypomagnesemia
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... • Hypomagnesemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... - Differential ... Hyperphosphatemia, Acute ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #calcium
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Decreased calcium ... • Acute pancreatitis ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Alcoholism (worsened by hypomagnesemia ... , Acute leukemia ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Bradycardia - Differential ... • Hypermagnesemia ... Beta blockers • Calcium ... Chagas disease • Acute ... #diagnosis #causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... ultrasonography, serum calcium ... osmolarity If cause ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... after starvation, Acute ... sweating, burns, sepsis ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... Acute illness ... low circulating calcium ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology