12 results
diagnosis nephrology differential causes hypokalemia management algorithm low rhabdomyolysis bariatric bulimianervosa bypass diuresis diuretics encephalopathy excretion gastric gastroenterology gitelman hepatology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... #low #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
life threatening complications ... treated with IV potassium ... suggests extra-renal ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... #nephrology #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
potassium wasting ... , Renal tubular ... diarrhea Potential Complications ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... diuretics after renal ... generally indicates a renal ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... oxidative iniury Treatment ... Monitor potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
- Compartment syndrome ... HAGMA • Late complication ... or compartment syndrome ... Monitor potassium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... plasma insulin (treatment ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Complications after Bariatric Surgery Post Bariatric Intestinal Failure: • Severe protein malnutrition after bariatric surgery • More
Consider refeeding syndrome ... nutrients • TPN for treatment ... deficiencies) Dumping Syndrome ... kidney and forms renal ... oral calcium, potassium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... Inhibitors of Renal ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment
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