16 results
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer’s Disease ... chromosome 21) Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... incontinence, apraxia ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Risk Factors and Signs ... • Nutritional: ... , Malnutrition Signs ... Optic neuropathy, Ataxia ... Deficiency #diagnosis #signs
Ankylosing Spondylitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical findings
 • Pain in lumbar area and gluteal region: (Dull, insidious
more constant as disease ... column) • Late complication ... minor trauma #AnkylosingSpondylitis ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Causes of Gait Disturbance - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sporadic
 • Vascular
 • Infection
 • Toxic
 • Nutrition
Causes of Gait Disturbance ... • Toxic • Nutrition ... Degenerative Sensory Ataxia ... Spinocerebellar Ataxia ... • Friedrich's Ataxia
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
Vitamin D - Bone disease ... • Thiamine - Nausea ... dysfunction, gait ataxia ... sensory neuropathy, ataxia ... Bypass #vitamin #nutrition
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... severe clinical complications ... due to chronic disease ... Refeeding #Syndrome #Nutrition ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
- Little or no nutritional ... CNS: Tremors, Ataxia ... Syndrome #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... electrolyte losses - Ataxia ... muscle function, Ataxia ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis 
Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder.
Characterized by red
Sickle-cell disease ... Sickle cell disease ... The underlying pathophysiology ... ischaemia. 2) Aplasia ... Crisis #Features #Signs
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Manifestations Causes ... Ophthalmoplegia - Ataxia ... syndromes #beriberi #nutrition ... #pathophysiology