12 results
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Hypocalcemia Laboratory ... dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... #Laboratory #Levels ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis #Endocrinology ... #Differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... granuloma, BCG-associated ... hepatitis, Paraffin-associated ... VitaminD #causes #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Lithium-associated ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... check the urine Ca ... BrighamChiefs #Hypercalcemia ... #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Pediatric) • Ca-S-R ... laxatives) #Hypocalcemia ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #PTH #endocrinology
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
Emergencies - Differential ... viscosity > 4 cP • Associated ... Superior Vena Cava ... Hypercalcemia ... emergencies #oncology #differential
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
for malignancy-associated ... hypercalcemia. ... Dialysis with low Ca ... #malignancy #associated ... algorithm #management #endocrinology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Syncope / Exercise Associated ... electrolyte losses - Ataxia ... muscle function, Ataxia ... - Hyperkalemia
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Thyrotoxicosis associated ... Metastatic Follicular CA ... ↑ T3 - Mild hypercalcemia ... causes #diagnosis #differential ... #endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... Hypertension associated ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... Pregnancy-associated