42 results
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Risk Factors and Signs ... diarrhoea, Short bowel syndrome ... , Malnutrition Signs ... Optic neuropathy, Ataxia ... #riskfactors #symptoms
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
dysfunction (e.g. gait ataxia ... treatment can improve symptoms ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... Diagnosis #Management #neurology ... #nutrition
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Haemolytic anaemia, ataxia ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #nutrition
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... chromosome 21) Signs ... incontinence, apraxia ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #symptoms
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... - Little or no nutritional ... CNS: Tremors, Ataxia ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... changes and may cause ... overload) Other Symptoms ... #Nutrition #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
• Serotonin Syndrome ... Dizziness - Nausea ... Serotonin #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... Psychiatry #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ... , asthenia • Neurologic ... dizziness, diplopia, ataxia ... Systemic effect -> Nausea ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
Vomiting Serotonin Syndrome ... gain Incr NE: Nausea ... SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... Psychiatry #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... without an obvious cause ... (Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms