2513 results
Fungal Biomarkers: Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus Galactomannan
Beta-D-Glucan:
 • Polysaccharide cell wall component of many fungi
 • Pathogens:
allogeneic HSCT - +BAL ... GM does not differentiate ... plasmalyte for BAL ... causing positive BAL
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
symptomatology Differential ... Bronchoscopy with serial BAL ... Renal #Syndrome #differential
Diagnosis and Management of Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage (DAH)
Blood escaping through the capillary wall into the alveoli,
Bronchoscopy + BAL ... Management #Pulmonary #Differential
Gallbladder Sludge ball on POCUS
Can mimic GB mass. Assess mobility & vascularity to differentiate.

Dr. Mohammed Alshamsi
Gallbladder Sludge ball ... vascularity to differentiate ... Gallbladder #Sludge #ball
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan and Galactomannan Testing Sensitivity Specificity and False Positives
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan
 • Cell wall component of many fungi
HM pts); from BAL ... • Detection in BAL ... does not differentiate
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
coagulopathy) • CBC w differential ... • BAL reveals ... Renal #Syndromes #differential
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
atrial myxoma)/ball ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Allopecia - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Hair Loss

Localized / Focal Hair Loss Pattern:
 • Scarring Alopecia:
Allopecia - Differential ... Boggy texture at bald ... loss #alopecia #Differential
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag ... Purple #Urine #Bag ... clinical #photo #differential
Hypoxemia in Anesthesiology - Differential Diagnosis and Management 

Management: 

• increase Fi02 to 100% - verify!
Anesthesiology - Differential ... • ambu-bag / O2 ... Anesthesiology #Differential