31 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... ABG And BMP Normal ... Compensation, Acute ... AG metabolic acidosis ... restrictive lung disease
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Causes of High-anion ... failure (acute ... Renal acidosis ... #differential #
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Causes of Dyspnea ... - Differential ... : ACS, Acute decompensated ... Chronic: Metabolic acidosis ... (eg, DM, renal
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
symptomatology Differential ... proteinuria, dysmorphic RBCs ... infiltrates) → high ... #Syndrome #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Guide to Acute Kidney ... OTCs, herbals, abx ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... disease — 21% ... #Differential
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
recessive genetic disease ... Mycoplasma infections, High ... - Antiviral treatment ... #stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... - Metabolic acidosis ... • Addison’s disease ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... presentations and disease ... before beginning treatment ... cardiac output - Acute ... peritonitis - Acute
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... - Metabolic acidosis ... • Addison’s disease ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Oroya Fever
Hematologic disease caused by Bartonella bacilliformis
Restricted to the Andes highlands of Peru & Ecuador
B. bacilliformis:
Fever Hematologic disease ... caused by Bartonella ... Inflammation: high ... TREATMENT: ​• Acute ... Fever #diagnosis #management