11 results
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Microbiology: Blood ... Culture (+): Acute ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Septic Emboli Cause Injury ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
coronary heart disease ... Diagnoses: • Acute ... • Infective Endocarditis ... Infarction • Pulmonary ... Pathophysiology #causes #cardiology
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Glucose/Temp • ACS ... Hyperkalemia Pulmonary ... • Aortic Valve Endocarditis ... • Acute rheumatic ... diagnosis #causes #cardiology
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
concentrations in: RBCs ... deficiency of red blood ... • Pulmonary infarction ... : • Early acute ... hepatitis • Acute
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... Inflammatory eye disease ... quantify renal injury ... reveals increasing blood ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
presents with acute ... to 12 weeks for acute ... • Major blood ... arthritis, and endocarditis ... have positive blood
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Culture Positive: • Acute ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... Septic emboli cause injury ... hematuria, + RF Treatment ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... pulmonary edema ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... Prevention of blood ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
removal from the blood ... presentations and disease ... liver or renal injury ... pulmonary edema ... peritonitis - Acute
Fusarium Infections
Acquired through:
1. Inhalation of airborne conidia > germinates > blood > disseminated
2. Trauma (implantation with
> germinates > blood ... BCx+ in -40% of ... Refractory FUO, Sino-pulmonary ... : • Optimal treatment ... on the type of injury