24 results
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
- Differential Diagnosis ... Acute: - Primary ... Inflammatory (Acute ... conditions: Heart failure ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
months without treatment ... Infections Alcohol-Associated ... Drug-Induced Liver Injury ... #Cirrhosis #Hepatology ... gastroenterology #management #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... Dehydration • Heart failure ... #Kidney #Injury ... Classification #diagnosis ... #nephrology
AEIOU - Mnemonic of Acute Indications for Dialysis 
A - Acidosis - pH < 7.1
E -
- Mnemonic of Acute ... Intoxication / Ingestions ... Congestive Heart Failure ... Pericarditis, Uremic Encephalopathy ... #diagnosis #mnemonic
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Kidney Injury ( ... Inflammatory disease • Infection ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... #Injury #Prerenal ... #Differential #Nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Kidney Injury AKI ... - Differential Diagnosis ... HEMODYNAMIC • Cardiac failure ... Post-infectious ... #nephrology
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
HBV infection with ... severe liver injury ... > 3 mg/dL) or acute ... liver failure ... Indications #management #hepatology
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis ... non-essential drug/HDS treatments ... Hepatocellular: Viral infections ... dechallenge • Acute ... #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Mixed - Check Acute ... Liver Failure ( ... INR > 1.5 • Encephalopathy ... liver #chemistry #diagnosis ... #differential #Hepatology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... may precede the neurologic ... agents, Renal failure ... : • Infection, ... syndrome, ADEM, Acute