14 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... - Acute and chronic ... kidney disease ... Vomiting - Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Algorithm for the ... Evaluation of Chronic ... Causes of acute ... Systemic disease ... #algorithm #workup
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... : • Acute or chronic ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... Inflammatory Bowel Disease ... Diarrhea #Hypophosphatemia ... endocrinology #causes
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
Systemic effect -> Nausea ... , vomiting, diarrhea ... , hyponatremia, ... #SideEffects #Pathophysiology ... #Psychiatry #Pharmacology
Causes of Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative - Normal RBC Mass / Decreased Plasma Volume
Causes of Polycythemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Burns • Diarrhea ... Sleep Apnea • Chronic ... #Causes #Hematology
Stool Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Affected Pelvic Floor 
 - Trauma/Surgery
   • Surgery: Anorectal,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pelvic Floor - Chronic ... Hirschsprung's Disease ... Emotional Problems - Diarrheal ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #causes
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Metformin Pharmacology ... Contraindications: • Chronic ... kidney disease: ... • Severe liver disease ... effects (e.g. diarrhea
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
changes and may cause ... Malnutrition due to chronic ... disease/malabsorptive ... Palpitations • Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology