8 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... - Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... • Refeeding syndrome ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... nephrology #phosphorus #workup
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... potassium #nephrology #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypomagnesemia • Metabolic alkalosis ... • Normal or low ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
• Boerhaave syndrome ... hormonal imbalances (low ... FSH and LH levels ... lead to metabolic alkalosis ... loss of HCO3- in diarrhea