10 results
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential ... Malabsorption, Chronic ... diarrhea, Poor ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
GI Absorption: Chronic ... Diarrhea, Antacids ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #phosphorus #workup
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
metabolic acidosis • Chronic ... diarrhea • Kidney ... D-lactic acidosis • Chronic ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... and metabolic alkalosis ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... : • Acute or chronic ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... diarrhea / IBD ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Differentials? ... acidosis: - Diarrhea ... tubular acidosis/Chronic ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... Chloride-rich diarrhea ... acute reversal of chronic ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... Loss of HCO3 - Diarrhea ... Surgical drains - Chronic ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... - Diuretics (carbonic ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology