16 results
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
- Differential ... 2-2.5% or 24h Urine ... Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... 2-2.5% or 24h Urine ... #Low #Causes #Differential
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
Approach to Hypomagnesemia ... of magnesium = (urine ... serum magnesium x urine ... #algorithm #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... Primary intestinal hypomagnesemia ... losses - Chronic diarrhea ... #Differential # ... Magnesium #Table #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... - Polyuria - Hypomagnesemia ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Potassium #Table #Classification
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Gitelman syndrome, Hypomagnesemia ... acidosis due to diarrhea ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Gap - UAG and Urine ... Loss of HCO3 - Diarrhea ... Metabolic #NAGMA #Differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Urine K+ <13 mEq ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... Urine K+ >13 mEq ... #potassium #differential ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... leukemia Measure Urine ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... Hypophosphatemia #Differential ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology