11 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Poor ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Potassium #Table ... #Classification
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alwavs Repeat Blood ... #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... losses: • High Blood ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential #
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... effective arterial blood ... #urine #potassium ... #differential # ... algorithm #diagnosis
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... Benyzlpenicillin, blood ... #differential # ... diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Normal or low blood ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
factor (white blood ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Low # ... Potassium #Classification
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Loss of sodium/Potassium ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... - Hyperkalemia
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... - Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... potassium from ... #Transfusions #diagnosis
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... • Hypocalcemia ... , Hyperkalemia: ... potassium from ... #Transfusion #diagnosis