10 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... diarrhea), Sweat ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea ... #causes #urinary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... Algorithm Cl- ... the indicated causes ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... #urine #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... alkalosis, Ketonuria ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... alkalosis - Fistulas ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... • Fatigue Chloride ... metabolic alkalosis
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea ... Periodic paralysis Alkalosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... diarrhea (congenital ... thiazide-sensitive site) Metabolic ... after fasting #Metabolic ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... Alkalosis: Emesis
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypomagnesemia • Metabolic ... alkalosis • Normal ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... diarrhea Potential ... diagnosis #nephrology #management
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
hormone levels cause ... alkalosis (loss ... abuse may lead to metabolic ... loss of HCO3- in diarrhea ... hypochloremia, hypernatremia