20 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... of sodium and potassium ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Laxative use • Diarrhea ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #potassium #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... (late) • High Urine ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Urinary ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Algorithm #causes ... #urinary #chloride
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Likely Metabolic Alkalosis ... Urine CI < 20 ... Mineralocorticoid • Primary ... Barter, or Gitelman ... #algorithm #diagnosis
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... Chloride-rich diarrhea ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... other • Severe potassium ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Shift: • Alkalosis ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium