12 results
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
- Diagnostic Algorithm ... Methanol (formic acid ... glycol (-> oxalic acid ... acidosis - Diarrhea ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Refeeding Syndrome • Acute ... Respiratory Alkalosis ... GI: • Small bowel ... diarrhea • Enteric
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... and potassium acid ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Acute or chronic ... D-lactate (short bowel ... acidosis: - Diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
and metabolic alkalosis ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... or chronic renal ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
GI Absorption: Chronic ... Diarrhea, Antacids ... Refeeding Syndrome, Acute ... Respiratory Alkalosis ... #nephrology #phosphorus
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
paraproteinemia, acute ... Malabsorption, Chronic ... diarrhea, Poor ... resp. alkalosis ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Metabolic alkalosis ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... secretion • Acid-base ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
, Pyroglutamic acid ... Renal failure (acute ... Diarrhea B. ... pancreatic or small-bowel ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Chloride-rich diarrhea ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... reversal of chronic ... dehydrogenase activity: Chronic ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology