12 results
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... hypomagnesemia • Metabolic alkalosis ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... diarrhea Potential ... Complications:
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... diarrhea), Sweat ... , Gitelman syndrome ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea ... #causes #urinary
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... BP = Bartter's Syndrome ... , Gitelman's Syndrome
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... #urine #Algorithm
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... life threatening complications ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman syndrome
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #causes #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... diarrhea (congenital ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Metabolic alkalosis ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... • Fatigue Chloride
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
• Refeeding Syndrome ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... • Hypokalemia ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea